Pottery Clay Shrinkage Calculator

Enter a size and your clay body's total shrinkage. The calculator shows the fired size, or works backwards to the size to throw or build so the finished piece comes out right.

  • Pottery & ceramics
  • Formula and worked example
  • Runs in your browser

1Size

Units

2Your clay

%

From your clay body’s data sheet, wet to final firing. Stoneware is often 10–13% and porcelain 12–16%.

3Measure your clay (optional)

Scratch a 10 cm or 4 in line into a wet tile, fire it with your usual schedule, and measure again.

Result size

Scale factor

%
Full result

The formula

Fired size = wet size × (1 − shrinkage ÷ 100)
Size to make = target fired size ÷ (1 − shrinkage ÷ 100)
Measured shrinkage = (wet mark − fired mark) ÷ wet mark × 100

Worked example. a piece made 10 cm tall in a clay with 12% shrinkage fires to 8.8 cm; to finish at 10 cm, make it about 11.4 cm.

How to use it

  1. Choose whether you know the wet size or the fired size you want.
  2. Enter the total shrinkage from your clay's data sheet. Use the wet-to-final-firing figure, not just drying or bisque shrinkage.
  3. For lids, sets or anything that must fit a fixed object, measure your own clay with a test tile and use that number instead.
  4. Apply the scale factor to every dimension; shrinkage is the same in all directions for most bodies, though tall forms can slump slightly.

Questions

Why measure my own clay?

Published figures are averages. Your firing temperature, kiln and how wet you work the clay all shift the result by a percent or two, which matters for lids, tiles and pieces made to fit hardware.

Is shrinkage the same in every direction?

Roughly, for most clay bodies. Thrown forms can shrink slightly more in height than width, and large flat pieces may warp, so test with a form similar to the final piece when accuracy matters.

Does glaze change the size?

Not measurably. Glaze adds a fraction of a millimetre of thickness. Account for it only where a lid or insert must slide into a glazed opening.